On the internet you will find plenty of tools for checking disk
space utilization in Linux. However, Linux has a strong built in utility called
‘df‘.
The ‘df‘
command stand for “disk filesystem“, it
is used to get full summary of available and used disk space usage of file
system on Linux system.
Using
‘-h‘ parameter with (df -h) will shows the file system
disk space statistics in “human readable”
format, means it gives the details in bytes, mega bytes and gigabyte.
1. Check File System
Disk Space Usage
The
“df” command displays the information of
device name, total blocks, total disk space, used disk space, available disk
space and mount points on a file system.
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 78361192 23185840 51130588 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24797380 22273432 1243972 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29753588 25503792 2713984 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 295561 21531 258770 8% /boot
tmpfs 257476 0 257476 0% /dev/shm
2. Display Information
of all File System Disk Space Usage
The same as above, but it also
displays information of dummy file systems along with all the file system disk
usage and their memory utilization.
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 78361192 23186116 51130312 32% /
proc 0 0 0 - /proc
sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys
devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24797380 22273432 1243972 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29753588 25503792 2713984 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 295561 21531 258770 8% /boot
tmpfs 257476 0 257476 0% /dev/shm
none 0 0 0 - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
sunrpc 0 0 0 - /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
3. Show Disk Space Usage in Human
Readable Format
Have you noticed that above
commands displays information in bytes, which is not readable yet all, because
we are in a habit of reading the sizes in megabytes, gigabytes etc. as it makes
very easy to understand and remember.
The df command provides an option to display
sizes in Human Readable formats
by using ‘-h’ (prints the results in human readable format (e.g., 1K 2M 3G)).
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 75G 23G 49G 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24G 22G 1.2G 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29G 25G 2.6G 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 289M 22M 253M 8% /boot
tmpfs 252M 0 252M 0% /dev/shm
4. Display Information of /home File
System
To
see the information of only device /home file system in
human readable format use the following command.
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 ext3 24G 22G 1.2G 95% /home
5. Display Information of File System
in Bytes
To
display all file system information and usage in 1024-byte blocks, use the option ‘-k‘ (e.g. –block-size=1K) as follows.
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 78361192 23187212 51129216 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24797380 22273432 1243972 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29753588 25503792 2713984 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 295561 21531 258770 8% /boot
tmpfs 257476 0 257476 0% /dev/shm
6. Display Information of File System
in MB
To
display information of all file system usage in MB (Mega Byte) use
the option as ‘-m‘.
Filesystem 1M-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 76525 22644 49931 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24217 21752 1215 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29057 24907 2651 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 289 22 253 8% /boot
tmpfs 252 0 252 0% /dev/shm
7. Display Information of File System
in GB
To
display information of all file system statistics in GB (Gigabyte) use
the option as ‘df -h‘.
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 75G 23G 49G 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24G 22G 1.2G 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29G 25G 2.6G 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 289M 22M 253M 8% /boot
tmpfs 252M 0 252M 0% /dev/shm
8. Display File System Inodes
Using
‘-i‘ switch will display the information of
number of used inodes and their percentage for the file system.
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 20230848 133143 20097705 1% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 6403712 798613 5605099 13% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 7685440 1388241 6297199 19% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 76304 40 76264 1% /boot
tmpfs 64369 1 64368 1% /dev/shm
9. Display File System Type
If
you notice all the above commands output, you will see there is no file system
type mentioned in the results. To check the file system type of your system use
the option ‘T‘. It will display file system
type along with other information.
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 ext3 78361192 23188812 51127616 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 ext3 24797380 22273432 1243972 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 ext3 29753588 25503792 2713984 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 ext3 295561 21531 258770 8% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 257476 0 257476 0% /dev/shm
10. Include Certain File System Type
If
you want to display certain file system type use the ‘-t‘ option. For example, the following
command will only display ext3 file system.
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 78361192 23190072 51126356 32% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 24797380 22273432 1243972 95% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 29753588 25503792 2713984 91% /data
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 295561 21531 258770 8% /boot
11. Exclude Certain File System Type
If
you want to display file system type that doesn’t belongs to ext3 type use the option as ‘-x‘. For example, the following command will
only display other file systems types other than ext3.
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 257476 0 257476 0% /dev/shm
12. Display Information of df Command.
Using ‘–help‘ switch will display a list of
available option that are used with df command.
Usage: df [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all include dummy file systems
-B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks
-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
-H, --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage
-k like --block-size=1K
-l, --local limit listing to local file systems
--no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default)
-P, --portability use the POSIX output format
--sync invoke sync before getting usage info
-t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE
-T, --print-type print file system type
-x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE
-v (ignored)
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
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